丹江流域典型地区降雨侵蚀力的研究

Study on rainfall erosivity in typical region along Danjiang river catchment

以长江上游丹江流域典型地区陕西省商南县为研究区,收集该地区2010年13个水文雨量站降雨资料,以经典算法计算的降雨侵蚀力作为基准值,对比分析6个简易模型的计算精度,并优选适用性最佳模型估算各站的降雨侵蚀力,插值绘制成空间分布图进行空间分析。结果表明:卜氏模型计算精度最高,平均达到89.325%,在研究区具有较好适用性。商南县2010年降雨侵蚀力平均为254.46 MJ.(hm2.h.a)-1.mm。7月份降雨量与降雨侵蚀力均达到最高,分别占年总量的50.41%和89.56%,降雨侵蚀力呈高度集中的季节分布态势。降雨侵蚀力空间分布不均匀,具有较为明显的高值区,南、北部较低,东北部地区几个站均较高,形成一个小范围高值区。

In this paper,6 different models were used to estimate the rainfall erosivity based on the rainfall data of 13 precipitation stations in 2010 in Shangnan County which was a typical region along the Danjiang river catchment.By comparing the accuracy of 6 different models,the best performed model was selected for regional rainfall erosivity computation.The results showed that the Bu′s model had the highest accuracy,with an average of 89.325%,and this was an ideal result and could be implicated in Shangnan County.The average value of rainfall erosivity was 254.46 MJ·（hm2·h·a）-1·mm in 2010.The precipitation and rainfall erosivity reached a maximum value in July,and accounted for 50.41% and 89.56% in their separate annual totals,and rainfall erosivity was a high concentration of seasonal distribution trend.The space distribution of rainfall erosivity in Shangnan County was not homogeneous and formed a distinct high value area.The lower rainfall erosivity regions was in the south and the north,forming a high value area in the northeast.