页岩气开采的环境影响分析

Analyzing the Environmental Implications of Shale Gas Exploitation

页岩气开发热潮席卷全球,页岩气开采过程是否会导致严重环境污染引起众多政府部门、专家学者和环保人士的争议,尤其是水力压裂法在页岩气开采中的应用。本文针对页岩气开采工艺技术,结合美国页岩气开采现状分析页岩气开采可能造成的环境污染,主要有:(1)大量消耗水资源;(2)污染地下水层;(3)甲烷泄漏;(4)引发地震。此外,就我国而言,还面临因地理环境限制和环境立法不足更易造成环境污染的可能。在页岩气勘探开发进程中,我们应重视页岩气开采的环境污染评估,争取以技术进步和相关环境立法来克服环境隐患。

Shale gas development booms in the global. Many government departments, experts and environmentalists argue whether the shale gas exploitation results in serious environmental pollution or not, especially the application of hydraulic fracturing method. This paper mainly discusses the environment pollution which resulted by shale gas exploitation possibly, considering the shale gas exploitation technology and status of U.S shale gas exploitation. These pollutions are large water consumption, underground water pollution, methane leak, cause earthquake. Our country may be more likely to cause environmental pollution because of the geo- graphic restrictions and environmental legislation shortage. In shale gas development process, we should pay more attention to the environment pollution assessment of shale gas exploitation, and strive for the technological progress and environmental legislation to overcome environmental harm.