406名住院精神病患者社会支持状况及其对生存质量的影响

Study on Social Support of Patients with Mental Disorders and Its Influence on Quality of Life

目的探讨精神病患者的社会支持状况及其对生存质量的影响。方法对406例住院康复期精神病患者进行社会支持及生存质量的问卷调查及分析。结果精神病患者的社会支持量表总分显著低于常模;精神分裂症患者的社会支持量表总分、客观支持、主观支持及社会支持利用度得分显著低于情感障碍患者(P<0.01);影响精神分裂症患者社会支持状况的因素为:家庭人均月收入、婚姻、入院前是否与家人同住、是否工作、年龄;影响情感障碍患者社会支持状况的因素为:婚姻、入院前是否与家人同住。社会支持与患者的生存质量呈正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论精神病患者社会支持状况较正常人差,且精神分裂症患者社会支持状况较情感障碍患者差。社会支持对生存质量有显著影响,社会支持越多的患者,生存质量越好。

Objective To explore the social support of patients with mental disorders and its influence on quality of life （QOL）. Methods With questionnaires, 406 patients with mental disorders were surveyed for their social support and quality of life. Results Patients＇ total score of social support was lower than that of the national norm. Total scores and scores of 3 dimensions of social support of patients with schizophrenia were lower than those of patients with affeetive disorder. Factors influencing social support of patients with schizophrenia included family income, marriage status, living with the family or not, employed or not before hospitalization and age. Factors influencing social support of patients with affective disorder were marriage status and living with the family or not before hospitalization. There was positive correlation between social support and QOL of patients with mental disorders. Social support was the significant influencing factor of the QOL （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Patients with mental disorders receive lower social support than normal people do and patients with schizophrenia get lower social support than patients with affective disorder do. The more social support the patient gets, the better QOL the patient would have.