护理本科生临床实习不同阶段专业认同差异分析

Changes of Professional Identity of Nursing Undergraduates at Different Stages of Clinical Practice

目的探讨临床实习不同阶段护理本科生专业认同的变化。方法分别于实习前、实习初期、学习中期对54名护理本科生进行专业认同情况问卷调查,比较这3个时间点专业认同得分及影响专业认同因素的差异。结果专业价值观维度:实习中期(2.67±1.01)分,低于实习初期(3.13±0.85)分,差异有统计学意义(P=0.013);专业期望维度:实习初期(12.09±2.13)分,低于实习前(13.13±1.30)和实习中期(13.13±1.08)分,差异均有统计学意义(P=0.001);其余各维度得分在3个时间点差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实习初期和中期护生都认为"带教老师"和"实际的护理工作"对专业认同影响最大。结论临床实习不同阶段护生专业认同变化较大,主要集中在专业价值观和专业期望方面,带教老师和实际的护理工作对专业认同影响较大,他人态度也是实习期间影响专业认同的另一影响因素。

Objective To explore the changes of professional identity of nursing undergraduates at different stages of clinical practice. Methods A total of 54 students were surveyed by the same questionnaire at different stages of practice （before the practice, early and middle stage of the practice）. Results The score of professional value in the middle stage was statistically lower than that in the early stage [（2.67±1.01） vs （3.31±0.85）, P=0.013] while the score of professional expectation in the early stage （12.09±2.13） was the lowest compared with that in the middle stage （13.13±1.08） and before clinical practice （13.13±1.30）, and the differences indicated statistical significance （P=0.001）. However, scores of other dimensions in different stages showed no statistical significances （P〉0.05）. What＇s more, clinical teachers and nursing work in practice had the most important influence on students both at early stage and middle stage of the practice. Conclusion Changes of professional identity of nursing undergraduates in different clinical practice stages are mainly found in the dimensions of profession value and expectation. During the clinical practice, clinical teachers and nursing work exert important influence on students＇ professional identity while attitude of others＇ is an important factor as well.