女子铁饼运动员末端环节力量强化训练研究

Study on the Strengthen Training of Terminal Link of Female Discus Athletes

以单组纵向对比实验和长期的训练观察为基本方法,采用高速摄影和常规测试分别收集了研究对象实验前后的运动学指标、末端环节力量评价指标与专项成绩。统计结果显示:实验年份各项指标提高值均优于实验前三年各项指标平均提高值。分析表明:对女子铁饼运动员实施末端环节力量强化训练有充分的人体结构依据和运动生物力学依据,末端环节力量有助于提高最大力量和角速度的利用率,是投掷运动员专项能力的重要构成要素之一。设计了最大力量与快速力量训练交叉式匹配强化模式,该训练模式既充分利用了最大力量训练产生的后效作用,又有利于最大力量与末端环节力量的同步发展。

This research uses the methods of longitudinal comparison in single group and long - term training observation, collecting the kinematics indexes, evaluation indexes of terminal link strength and specific performance of research object by the use of high speed photography and conventional test. The results show that the value of improvements of various indexes during the year of experiment were superior to the average value of improvements during the three years before the experiment, and the analysis showed that the strengthen training of terminal link on the female discus athletes based on anatomy and biomechanies, the improvement of terminal link strength is one of important elements of special ability for throwing athletes, which is helpful to the utilization of the maximum strength and angular velocity. Accordingly, the author designed the cross - match strengthen model for maximum strength and speed - strength training, which utilized the aftereffect of maximum strength training adequately and is beneficial to the improvement of maximum strength and terminal link strength simultaneously.