贵州贫困农村室内PM_(10)中金属元素的污染特征研究

Study on Pollution Characteristics of Metal Elements of Indoor PM_(10) in Poor Rural of Guizhou Province

采集贵州贫困农村室内不同类型燃料产生的PM10样品,运用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)法测定了Fe、Al、Zn、Cr、As、Mn、V、Cu等8种金属元素,分析了影响金属元素浓度的因素,结果表明:室内PM10中金属元素的污染主要是由燃料燃烧引起的,不同类型燃料对室内PM10中金属元素浓度贡献大小为柴>蜂窝煤>拌泥煤>煤.运用富集因子法分析了室内PM10中金属元素的来源,结果显示:Al、V、Mn、Cu、Fe元素主要为自然源,Cr元素是由自然源和人为源共同作用产生的,Zn和As元素主要来自人为源,如燃煤、吸烟、烹饪等.

Indoor PM10 s province, and the contents of amples produced by different types of fuel are collected at poor rural in Guizhou eight metal elements （including Fe, A1, Zn, Cr, As, Mn, V and Cu） are ana- lyzed by the microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, and influencing factors are dis- cussed. The results show that the pollution of metals is mainly caused by fuel combustion. The concentrations of metals in indoor PM10 produced by different types of fuel rank as wood^honeycomb^coal mixed with clay~ coal. The sources of the various elements in indoor PM10 are analyzed by enrichment factors, showing that A1, V, Mn, Cu and Fe mainly come from natural sources, while Cr comes from natural sources and anthropogenic sources, and Zn and As originate from anthropogenic sources such as coal combustion, smoking, and cooking, etc.