恒速小量持续气道湿化联合密闭式吸痰方法预防急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者痰痂形成的护理

Nursing of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome receiving constant small amount of continuous airway humidification and closed suction method for prevention of sputum formation

目的探讨恒速小量持续气道湿化及密闭式吸痰方法预防急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者痰痂形成的作用。方法选取急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者115例，随机分为观察组60例和对照组55例，观察组给予密闭式吸痰方法联合恒速小量持续气道湿化；对照组给予开放式吸痰及间断气道湿化。比较2组治疗效果。结果插管后24h2组患者痰液黏稠度比较差异无统计学意义。而在插管后72，120h，对照组痰液黏稠度明显高于观察组；痰痂形成方面，插管后24，72h以及120h，对照组痰痂形成率均明显高于观察组；吸痰结束时以及结束后1，3，5min观察组血氧饱和度均明显高于对照组；而无论是湿化过程还是吸痰过程，观察组不良反应发生率明显低于对照组。结论使用恒速小量持续气道湿化联合密闭式吸痰，可以有效降低急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者痰痴的形成，值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of constant small amount of continuous airway hu- midification and closed suction method to prevent sputum formation of patients with acute respiratory dis- tress syndrome. Methods 115 cases with acute respiratory distress syndrome were randomly divided into the observation group （60 cases）and the control group （55 cases）. The observation group was given small amount of constant continuous airway humidification and closed suction method. The control group was giv- en open suction and intermittent airway humidification. The treatment effect was compared between the two groups. Results 24 h after intubation, difference of sputum viscosity between the two groups was not sig- nificant. 72 h and 120 h after intubation, sputum viscosity of the control group was significantly higher than the observation group. In the sputum formation,24 h, 72 h and 120 h after intubafion, the control group was signifi- cantly higher than the observation group. At the end of suction, and 1 rain, 3 min, 5 rain after the suction, the oxygen saturation degree of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group. Whatever in the process of humidification or suction, the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was signifi- cantly lower than the control group, the difference was obvious. Conclusions Combination of constant small amount of continuous airway humidification and closed suction method can effectively reduce the sputum forma- Lion of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is worthy of clinical promotion.