我国县域农村金融服务组织体系建设的几点思考

Reflections on the Organizational System of County-level Rural Financial Services in China

我国现行农村金融组织体系面临的主要问题是:农村金融机构网点少,农村信贷市场风险仍然较高,服务体系单一,民间金融被严格管制;信用社行政干预、内部人控制问题突出,农商行业务重心偏离农村,涉农不良贷款比率较高;县域资金流出现象严重等。要研究设计能盈利的农村金融服务机制和农村资金在县域充分利用的机制;要以股份制商业银行为主组建村镇银行;把合作金融交给农民,实现农民的自我金融服务;探索以县域为金融服务区域、以农业银行为主导的中心银行体制;建立县域农村金融监管新体制,设计农村金融服务的正向激励机制。

The main problems confronted with current rural financial organization system in China are as follows： insufficient networks of rural financial institutions, rural credit market being still at high risk, the service system being on a single basis, civil finance is under strict control; administrative intervention for the credit cooperatives and in- sider control issues being serious ; core businesses of agricultural commercial banks deviating from rural regions, agriculture - related non - performing loan ratio is higher; there exists a serious problem of capital outflow from county. In future, it＇s necessary to study and design a profitable rural financial service mechanism and a mechanism tak- ing full advantage of rural funds in the county; village banks are to be organized primarily led by the share equity commercial banks ; it~ necessary to return cooperative finance to the peasants for realization of self - financial serv- ices; it＇ s necessary to explore the centered bank regime with the financial services area at the county level and the Agricultural Bank of China as the leading factor; the new county -level rural financial regulatory system should be established, and the positive incentives for rural financial services should be designed.