不同倍性盾叶薯蓣的核型分析

Karyotype of Different Ploidy Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright

采用根尖压片技术对盾叶薯蓣(Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright)野生和栽培植株的染色体进行核型研究。结果表明,野生盾叶薯蓣为二倍体,其核型公式为2n=2x=20=14m+6sm。4个栽培植株均为四倍体,它们的核型公式分别为:株系A02-6为4x=40=20m+18sm+2st,株系A05-6为4x=40=16m+22sm+2st,株系A09-2-1为4x=40=18m+20sm+2st,株系‘红卫’为4x=16m+22sm+2st。不论是野生种还是栽培株系的核型类型均为2B型,且二倍体与四倍体间、四倍体的不同株系间的核型均存在较大差异。

The karyotypes of one wild and four cultivated lines in Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright were studied by root tip squash technique. The results showed that the wild was diploid with karyotype formula of2n = 20 = 14m ＋6sm. The four cultivated lines were tetraploid, and their karyotype formulae were followed as： 2n = 40 =20m＋18sm＋2st for A02-6 line, 2n =40 =16m＋22sm ＋2st for A05-6 line, 2n =40 = 18m ＋20sm ＋2st for A09-2-1 line, and 2n =40 = 16m ＋22sm ＋2st for ＇ hongwei＇ line. The karyotype types in either wild or four cultivated lines were 2B, and there were large differences in karyotype not only between the diploid and tetraploid, but also within the four tetraploid lines.