汉语名谓句与法语相应句式对比

A Contrastive Analysis of Noun-as-predicate Clause between Chinese and French

汉语的名谓句从结构上讲,无论主语、谓语,均可以由名词或名词性短语充当,主语谓语之间不用动词。从语义上讲,主谓之间多半是谓语对主语进行解释、判断、说明和描写。汉语的名谓句与法语相对应的是主谓宾俱全的句子。这种不同的特点是由汉语的灵活性与法语的严谨性所决定的。不管结构上有何不同,汉语名谓句与法语相对应的句子所表示的语义关系则是基本一致的。

The study shows that structurally, both the subject and predicate of Chinese noun-as-predi- cate sentences can be nouns or noun phrases, with no verbs between them. Semantically, the predicates mainly function as explanation, judgment, exposition or description of the subject. In comparison, this kind of clause in French has its subject, predicate and objects. The difference is caused by the flexibility of Chinese and the exactitude of French. However, no matter what differences the two structures have, the semantic relations they express are mainly the same.