变应性鼻炎与哮喘及特应性皮炎相关性分析

Analysis of the correlation of prevalence in allergic rhinitis and other allergic diseases

目的在获取我国北方不同地区变应性鼻炎（allergicrhinitis，AR）患病率的基础上，分析AR患病与哮喘（bronchialasthma，BA）和特应性皮炎（atopicdermatitis，AD）间的相关性及相互影响，为防治AR等变应性疾病提供参考。方法自2007年4月至2010年5月，通过随机整群和多级抽样，抽取河北省沧州市农村、渤海湾黄骅市沿海渔村、承德市雾灵山区、天津市区内的人群共计1524人，采用面对面直接入户调查并结合血清特异性IgE（specificIgE，slgE）检测结果，获得AR、BA及AD患病与年龄、职业、特应性体质、烟酒嗜好等指标的关系，同时通过相关性的单因素分析和多因素的Logistic回归分析方法，探讨3种变应性疾病间的相关性。结果我国北方地区AR、BA、AD患病率分别为9．1％、5．4％、6．0％。在AR患者中BA、AD患病率分别为30．9％、29．5％，在无AR人群中BA、AD患病率分别为2．9％、3．7％，差异有统计学意义（x。值分别为192．97、148．40，P值均〈0．01）。多因素的LogJstic回归分析显示，有BA者患AR的风险是无BA者的8．619倍；有AD患者患AR的风险是无AD者的1．817倍。务工者患AR的风险是务农者的2．320倍。生活居住地变迁患AR仅为无变迁者的0．353倍。结论AR、BA及AD患病存在相关性，BA与AR的关联强度大于AD与AR的关联强度。

Objective To obtain the prevalence of allergic rbinitis （AR） in different regions of northern China, to analyze the correlation and interaction between AR and bronchial asthma （BA） or atopic dermatitis （AD）, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases such as AR. Methods To obtain the indexes including age, occupation, atopic physical fitness, smoking, alcohol, lifestyle and so on. To explore the correlation between AR and BA or AD. From April 2007 to May 2010, the serum specific IgE（sIgE） was investigated in different regions （rural areas of Qingxian, Hebei; coastal fishing village of Bohai Bay, Huanghua; area of Wuling Mountain, Chengde; urban areas of Tianjin） by randomly multi-stage and cluster sampling, with total population of 1524. Results The prevalence of AR, BA and AD were 9. 1% , 5.4% and 6.0%. The prevalence of BA and AD were 30. 9% and 29. 5% in AR patients, but were 2. 9% and 3.7% in non-AR, and the differences were of statistical significance （X2 values were 192. 97 and 148.40, respectively, all P 〈 0.01 ）. The risk of people with BA suffering from AR was as 8. 619 times as those free from BA, the risk of people with AD suffering from AR was as 1. 817 times as those free from AD and, the risk of workers suffering from AR was as 2. 320 times as farmers in terms of working factor by analysis of Logistic regression for AR and BA, AD, age, occupation, atopic physical fitness and other factors. Conclusions The prevalence of AR are correlated with BA and AD. It is greater between BA and AR than AD and AR in the strength of correlation.