化妆品禁用物质丙烯酰胺危害研究进展

Prohibited substances in cosmetics:prospect of the toxicity of acrylamide

化妆品禁用物质是指不能作为化妆品生产原料添加到化妆品中的物质。化妆品中有害成分进入人体的主要途径为经皮吸收,但也可能经呼吸道和消化道吸收。丙烯酰胺作为常见工业原料聚丙烯酰胺的分解残留物存在于化妆品当中。丙烯酰胺在人体中可转化为环丙酰胺,并与谷胱甘肽、血红蛋白和DNA结合,各种代谢产物经尿液排出。丙烯酰胺对啮齿类动物具有神经毒性、生殖毒性和致癌作用;职业暴露可引起人体神经毒性,但流行病学研究仍不能充分证明其可增加人类患恶性肿瘤的风险。

Prohibited substances in cosmetics refer to substances which must not be among the raw material ingredients of cosmetic products.These substances are absorbed mostly through skin,as well as via lung and gastrointestinal tract.Polyacrylamide is ubiquitously used in industry and its decomposition residue acrylamide（ACR） easily finds its way into cosmetic products.ACR can either be oxidized to epoxide glycidamide or conjugated with glutathione,hemoglobin or DNA;ultimately it is excreted in urine.ACR causes neurotoxicity,reproductive toxicity and tumors in rodents.Occupational exposure to ACR causes neurotoxicity in humans;however,epidemiological evidence have not unambiguously answered the question of whether ACR exposure can increase cancer risk for humans.