重庆市当地人群疟疾防治知识知晓现况调查

Current status of malaria prevention in Chongqing

目的了解重庆市当地疟疾防治知识知晓情况,为疟疾防治工作提供参考依据。方法选择重庆市5个区县,每县随机抽取3个乡,每乡调查中学和小学各1所,每校调查60名学生;每乡再随机抽取3个行政村,每个行政村调查15岁以上居民200名。采取统一的问卷进行疟疾防治知识知晓情况调查。结果调查对象对"疟疾传播途径、疟疾主要症状、疟疾最严重危害、发生疟疾找医生、预防疟疾方法"的知晓率分别为53.48%、62.55%、42.02%、83.71%、27.69%,5项指标不同区县知晓率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同性别调查对象除对"发生疟疾找医生"的知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)外,不同性别人群对"疟疾传播途径、疟疾主要症状、疟疾最严重危害、预防疟疾方法"的知晓率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);学生对"疟疾传播途径、疟疾最严重危害、发生疟疾找医生、预防疟疾方法"的知晓率高于居民(P<0.05),且以7岁组最高,不同年龄组知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论重庆市人群疟疾防治知识知晓率较低,疟疾防治健康教育工作有待加强。

Objective To understand the current status of malaria prevention in Chongqing so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of the disease. Methods Five counties were selected in Chongqing and three towns were selected from each county. Questionnaire type survey was then performed in 3 villages and 2 schools from each town. Results The rate on the awareness of malaria transmission, main clinical manifestations, disease severity, consultation with doctor during infection and disease prevention was 53.48%, 62.55%, 42.02%, 83.71% and 27.69%, respectively. The result was significantly different among the counties （P0.01）. There was a significant different for the index of doctor consultation between male and female（P0.05）,while the differences for other indexes were not significant （P0.05）. The rates of awareness of malaria transmission, disease severity, consultation with doctor during infection and disease prevention were higher in students than the local residents （P0.05）; with a highest rate in the 7 age group（P0.01）. Conclusions The knowledge of malaria was low and the health education program should be strengthened in Chongqing.