术前消毒剂对小鼠术后近期听性脑干反应的影响

Ototoxicity of Conventional Preoperative Antiseptics

目的观察术前消毒剂醋酸氯己定(安尔碘)、聚维酮碘(点而康)、乙醇、苯扎溴铵酊对听功能的影响。方法 25只ABR反应阈正常的ICR小鼠随机分为5组,每组5只。将醋酸氯己定、聚维酮碘、乙醇、苯扎溴铵酊及生理盐水分别注入各组双耳中耳腔内,5min后吸出消毒剂,24h后观察小鼠8、16、24、32kHz短纯音ABR反应阈变化。结果醋酸氯己定、聚维酮碘、乙醇、及苯扎溴铵酊组小鼠8、16、24、36kHz ABR反应阈均较实验前明显升高(均为P<0.05),而生理盐水对照组实验前后ABR反应阈无显著变化。结论皮肤消毒剂进入中耳可导致小鼠听力下降,因此,术前消毒时应避免消毒剂通过外耳道及穿孔的鼓膜进入中耳。

Objective To evaluate and compare the ototoxicity of chlorhexidine,povidone-iodine,alcohol,and benzalkonium bromide tincture—four conventional antiseptics used before the ear surgery. Methods ICR mice were randomly assigned to five groups,each group receiving individually application of a different antiseptics or saline： chlorhexidine,povidone-iodine,alcohol,benzalkonium bromide tincture,and saline as control.The baseline of all mice＇s ABR was recorded before experiment.Each animal received application of the antiseptics or saline into both middle ears and washed away 5 min later.ABR was tested after 24 hours and compared with early baseline measurements. Results Administration of saline didn＇t affect ABR threshold.In contrast,significant changes were detected in the ABRs thresholds of all the application of antiseptics. Conclusion Preoperative antiseptics had a clear toxic effect on the cochlear function in ICR mice.Our results strongly suggested that antiseptics should be avoided to flow into middle ear through eardrum perforation before the surgery.