传承性视角下乡村聚落历史时空格局特征及演化研究——以广东省连州市为例

THE HISTORICAL SPACE-TIME CHARACTERISTICS OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS UNDER THE CONTINUITY PERSPECTIVE——A Case Study of Lianzhou

在采用地名志及相关史料的基础上,通过从时间和空间两个角度,解读连州市乡村聚落格局演化及形成原因。研究结果表明:连州早在西汉元鼎六年即已设立,后随南北交通线和区域开发进程演变,在时间上,可划分为六个发展阶段,以明清时期增长最快。在空间分布上,连州市乡村聚落具备空间传承性,连州镇是连州市乡村聚落增长的核心,各时期乡村聚落密度最大的乡镇均位于市域的中西部和东北部地区,聚落密度较小者集中于北部少数民族聚居区与东部高山区。在此基础上,从自然地理条件、移民、交通、经济发展、民族构成等五个方面对连州市乡村聚落建立和发展的影响进行了探讨。

Taking Lianzhou county-level city at northwest of Guangdong province as survey region,and using historical toponyms information and other related historical materials,and applying Geography Information System（GIS） spatial analysis method,this research discusses the historical space-time patterns and evolution research of rural settlements under the continuity perspective.This research shows that rural settlements of Lianzhou settled as early as the Han Dynasty.In terms of time,rural settlements were firstly appeared at Lianzhou town region.It then spread to the middle,northeast and west of Lianzhou through historical transportation lines.According to the statistics analysis of rural settlements quantity increasing at different period we can find that it has such following time distribution features： first,the quantity of rural settlements continued growth during the whole period,but from the early Ming Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty the growth incidence was the highest;second,new rural settlements appeared at every period,but concentrated on Ming and Qing Dynasty,especially in the middle of Ming Dynasty the quantity of new rural settlements came to a peak.Moreover,this paper restored the historical transportation network and markets distribution of survey region,and also divided migration factors into province migration and domestic migration at each period in order to support the influencing factors mentioned above.Based on the continuity characteristic,deeply understanding the space-time patterns and influencing factors and also what is ＂change＂ or ＂not change＂ of rural settlements during the historical period is very important to comprehend the spatial pattern and spatial-economic-social structures of rural settlement in nowadays.