防辐射超细钨酸铅的制备及其手套对γ射线屏蔽的研究

Study on Preparation of Ultrafine Lead Tungstate for Radiation Protection and γ-ray Shielding of the Gloves

钨酸铅集中了钨和铅的辐射屏蔽特性的优点,制造超细的钨酸铅可以提高辐射屏蔽的能力。利用软模板合成法研究超细PbWO4的制备工艺。以表面活性剂作软模板,用S-60为水体系的W/O微乳液区成功地合成了超细PbWO4。实验结果证明,以S-60为分散剂的软模板制备的超细PbWO4,粒度分布均匀。采用正交实验法探索最佳实验条件为:以S-60为表面活性剂,分散剂浓度为稀释30倍,溶液pH值为9,Pb(Ac)2和Na2WO4的浓度均为0.01 mol/L,搅拌速率1 300 rpm,将Pb(Ac)2溶液缓慢滴加到Na2WO4溶液中,得到超细钨酸铅产物。超细钨酸铅产品用于防辐射的填料,比原配方对59.5 keVγ射线的辐射屏蔽率可提高5%左右。

Lead tungstate combines the radiation shielding properties of tungsten and lead, and it is quite distinctive to manufacture lead tungstate with ultra-fine granularity to enhance its capacity of radiation shielding. The grain size of lead tungstate has direct impact on the ability of its protection from radioactive materials, the smaller the grain size and more uniform dispersion of lead tungstate, the better protective ability it is going to be. In this paper, soft-template synthesis was introduced to prepare ultra-fine PbWO4. Rigorous experiment conditions are settled to ensure the access to obtain ultra-fine, homogeneous lead tungstate product, and it is better than other physical and chemical preparation methods. The surface-active agent for the soft template, with S-60 for the water system W/O microemulsion zone, was used to synthesize successfully ultra-fine PbWO4. It was shown that dispersing agent S-60 in the soft template method produced ultra-fine PbWO4 with uniform granularity distribution. By using orthogonal experimental method, the best experimental conditions were obtained as follows： S-60 as surfactant dispersant with diluted 30 times concentration, solutions with pH9, 0.01 mol/L concentration of reactant, 1 300 rpm of stirring speed and slowly adding drops of Na2WO4 solution into Pb（Ac）2 solution. Based on the optimal experimental conditions, the product of ultra-fine product for .the anti-radiation protection filler has been made. The fine packing for the preparation of tungsten the gamma rays on the gloves is an average capacity of 5% or so.