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两种全身麻醉方法用于小儿气管异物取出术的比较 被引量:23

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摘要 目的比较七氟醚联合瑞芬太尼和咪达唑仑联合氯胺酮在小儿气管异物取出术中的效应。方法拟在全身麻醉下行支气管镜异物取出术患儿40例,随机均分为七氟醚组(S组)和氯胺酮组(K组)。S组面罩吸入6%七氟醚及吸氧6L/min行快速诱导,患儿入睡后调整吸入七氟醚的浓度和氧流量,使MAC维持在2.0~2.5,置镜前开始泵注瑞芬太尼0.05~0.1μg·kg-1·min-1,置镜后吸入2%~3%七氟醚维持麻醉,支气管镜侧孔接高频呼吸机,必要时行辅助呼吸。K组入手术室前肌注氯胺酮4~6mg/kg,入室后静脉推注氯胺酮1~2mg/kg、咪达唑仑0.05~0.1mg/kg、芬太尼2~3μg/kg,置镜后视情况追加氯胺酮1~2mg/kg或咪达唑仑0.05~0.1mg/kg维持麻醉。记录置镜前后SpO2和RR,以及不良反应情况。结果与入室时比较,置镜即刻、置镜后和退镜时S组SpO2明显升高,置镜后和退镜时K组SpO2明显降低(P<0.05);置镜即刻、置镜后和退镜时K组RR明显减慢(P<0.05)。与K组比较,S组一次置镜成功率明显升高,呛咳发生率明显降低,喉水肿、舌后坠、哭闹躁动、呕吐发生率降低(P<0.05)。S组苏醒时间为(20±7)min,明显短于K组的(50±18)min(P<0.05)。结论与咪达唑仑联合氯胺酮比较,七氟醚联合瑞芬太尼麻醉在小儿气管异物取出术中更安全和有效。
出处 《临床麻醉学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第4期384-385,共2页 Journal of Clinical Anesthesiology
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