中国经济增长之谜(1978—2010):准中性政府、制度变迁与包容性发展

Mystery of China’s Economic Growth(1978-2010):Quasi-neutral Government,Institutional Reform and Inclusive Development

30多年来中国经济高速增长现象,既不符合"华盛顿共识"标准,也无法使用主流经济学理论进行解释,被称为"中国增长之谜"。这里通过构建包含政府、市场、制度和利益集团等组织在内的分析框架,并引入准中性政府的概念,可以较好地解释中国增长之谜。准中性政府是一个在短期内依据社会主要矛盾制定有偏向的政策,但是利益集团之间相对地位的变化,导致政府无法在长期内偏向某一固定集团。也就是说,准中性政府具有短期内有偏、长期内无偏的特质。这种特质构成了中国经济高速增长的内在机制,而准中性政府通过制度变迁的方式使中国经济增长获得强大的动力。但是中国经济高速增长也带来了收入差距过大、环境破坏严重等问题,采取包容性发展方式是解决这些问题的有效手段,因此,追求包容性发展也就成了准中性政府的终极目标。

China’s rapid economic growth in last 30 years is not only inconsistent with the ＂Washington consensus＂ stan dard,but also explained by the economic theory,so this is known as the＂mystery of China’s growth＂.By constructing the analytical framework that contains government,market,system and interest groups,this paper introduces the concept of qua si-neutral government,for explaining the mystery of China’s growth preferably.In a short time,the quasi-neutrality govern ment makes the partial policies based on the social principal contradiction formulation,but relative status change between spe cial interest groups leads to the government can not favor a fixed group in a long term.In other words,the government has short-term quasi-neutral biased,unbiased nature of the long term.Such characteristics of China’s government become the in ternal mechanism of China’s rapid economic growth,and the quasi-neutral government makes China’s economic growth to obtain a strong driving force.But China’s rapid economic growth has also brought large income gap,serious environmental damages and other problems,inclusive development approach is an effective means to solve these problems,therefore,the in clusive development will become the ultimate goal of the quasi-neutral government to pursuit.