阿片成瘾者初始吸毒原因的流行病学调查

Epidemiological study on the reason of initial drug abuse

目的 调查部分地区阿片成瘾者初始吸毒的原因 ,以有针对性地采取措施 ,开展药物滥用预防。方法 自拟 "药物滥用因素调查表 " ,对北京、哈尔滨、西安、重庆、贵州和武汉等地区 6 5 7例接受脱毒治疗的阿片成瘾者进行调查。调查内容为14项造成初始吸毒原因 ,并归纳为社会、身体、心理以及追求享乐等 4个因子进行分析 ,各项因子理论分值为 0～ 1。结果 14项初始吸毒原因依受影响大小排列为 :好奇心驱使 (占 91.4% ) ,认为本人不会成瘾而尝试吸毒 (占 87.2 % ) ,不了解毒品危害而尝试 (占 80 .1% ) ,模仿他人吸毒 (占 6 6 .1% ) ,追求享乐心理 (占 5 6 .7% ) ,受同伴、朋友影响染毒 (占 49.8% ) ,以吸毒解除烦恼 (占 47.2 % ) ,无聊或无事可做 ,在社会上 "闲荡 "染毒 (占 38.3% ) ,"逆反心理 "尝试染毒 (占 36 .3% ) ,身体病痛企图以吸毒 "治病 " (占 34 .1% ) ,身体劳累企图以吸毒解乏 (占 32 .2 % ) ,以吸毒炫耀有钱 (占 31.6 % ) ,以吸毒来刺激精神 (占 2 0 .6 % ) ,企图以吸毒增加性功能 (占 12 .0 % ) ;各因子均分比较显示 ,影响初始吸毒的社会、心理、身体因素和追求享乐因素分别为 0 .6 3(95 % CI=0 .6 1～ 0 .6 5 )、0 .6 5 (0 .6 4～ 0 .6 7)、0 .37(0 .34～ 0 .40 )和 0 .2 9(0 .2 7～ 0 .31)

Objective To survey the reasons of initial drugs experience/abuse Methods This survey was carried out among 657 drug addicts in 5 areas of Beijing, Haerbin, Xian, Chongqing and Guizhou A self designed questionnaire which contains 14 items of reasons of drug abuse was administered in detoxification centers setting 14 items of reasons were analyzed by 4 factors of social,psychological,physical and seeking enjoyment factors The range scale of each factor is 0~1 point Results The reason of initial drug abuse were influenced by satisfaction of curiosity (91 4%), believing himself/herself couldn't be addicted (87 2%), imitating others (66 1%), seeking enjoyment of drug's effect (56 7%), peer pressures (49 8%), escapement from unwanted mental states (47 2%), boredom (38 3%), rebellion (36 3%), relief from pain or other unwanted physical condition (34 1%), expression of riches (31 6%), seeking thrilling (20 6%), seeking sexuality (12 0%) Factor analysis show that the reasons of social, psychological, physical factor and seeking enjoyment were 0 63 (95% CI = 0 61 to 0 65),0 65(0 64 to 0 67),0 37(0 34 to 0 40) and 0 29(0 27 to 0 31) respectively(F=277 22,P<0 000) Conclusion This study shows that the reason of initial drug experience/abuse is multi factor and complex In order to prophylactically prevent drug abuse, it is necessary to strength education on drug abuse among adolescence