近代旅顺与大连城市发展状况管窥——以清末及俄治时期的城市建设为中心

A Restricted View of Urban Development of Modern Lü shun and Dalian-Focusing on Urban Construction in the Late Qing Dynasty and Russian Colonial Period

洋务运动时期,清政府注重海防建设,在旅顺兴建军港,旅顺"因港兴市"而初具近代城市雏形;大连作为近代城市走上历史舞台则是在沙俄强租旅大之后。客观而言,俄国人租借旅大及对城市基础设施的规划奠定了近代大连城市的发展格局,自由港区的制定与建设,促进了大连市民社会的形成与发展,也促进了这一地区进出口贸易的发展与商业的繁荣。但是,这毕竟是在沙俄帝国主义以军事实力为后盾,对中国实施殖民扩张这一背景下所呈现的畸形发展与繁荣。

During the Westernization Movement, the Qing government paid close attention to developing its coastal defense and built a naval port in Lushun, with it Liishun began to take shape as a modern city; whereas, Dalian stepped up the stage of history as a modern city after Czarist Russia occupied Liida by force. Objectively speaking, Russians＇ occupation and planning of.Liida＇ s urban infrastructure paved the way for the pattern urban development; the establishment and construction of the free port promoted the formation and development of Dalian＇ s civil society as well as the development of its regional import and export trade and commercial prosperity. But, it was only an abnormal development and prosperity with a military strength prop from Tsarist Russian imperialism and its colonial expansion in China. Key words： Lushun; Dalian; Urban construction; The Qing government; Tsarist Russia