师徒传承方式对中国武术发展的影响

The Influence of the Inheritance Way from Master to Apprentice on the Development of Chinese Wushu

师徒相传是中国传统武术传播的主要方式,武术在长期传承的历史中,受到社会环境、宗教、宗法等各种因素的影响,其传承授受的保密性、保守性、规范性在明显增强。师徒传承具有身传心授、不立文字、秘不外传等特点,这对武术的发展既有积极作用,也有消极作用。

Master to apprentice inheritance is the major way of Chinese traditional Wushu communication.During its long history of inheritance,Wushu has been influenced by all kinds of factors,such as social environment,religion,patriarchal clan system,and so on,under which influences,the confidentiality,conservatism and normativity of its inheritance way of teaching and learning have been enhanced obviously.The inheritance way of master to apprentice has the characteristics of teaching by body instruction and rote memory,teaching that does not establish words and letters,and teaching by keeping it as a secret,etc,which have some negative effects on Chinese Wushu.