社区护理干预对老年痴呆患者及其照料者的影响

Influence of community nursing intervention on senile dementia patients and their caregivers

目的探讨社区护理干预对老年痴呆患者及其照料者的影响,总结老年痴呆患者的社区护理经验。方法在本社区建立老年痴呆患者健康档案,将146例老年痴呆患者随机分为观察组73例和对照组73例,观察组给予社区护理干预,对照组处于自然状态,比较两组患者痴呆症状改善情况,以及照料者的心理改善情况。结果实施社区干预后,观察组患者的简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分为(18.25±1.77)分,日常生活能力评分(ADL)为(22.98±4.08)分,均显著高于干预前MMSE评分(915.53±2.05)分和ADL评分(27.62±3.63)分,与对照组MMSE评分(15.68±1.94)分和ADL评分(27.63±3.31)分相比有统计学差异(P<0.01);观察组照顾者SDS评分为(52.88±4.83)分,SAS评分(52.34±4.79)分,与干预前SDS评分958.79±6.710分、SAS评分(59.55±7.44)分相比有显著性差异,与对照组SDS评分(57.15±6.49)分、SAS评分(57.38±5.89)分相比有统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论社区护理干预能明显改善老年痴呆症状,并减轻照料者抑郁与焦虑症状。进行有效的社区护理干预对老年痴呆患者及其照料者具有明显的社会学意义。

Objective To explore the influence of community nursing intervention on patients with senile dementia and its caregivers,and summarize the experience of community nursing intervention.Methods Health files for senile dementia patients in my community were established.A total of 146 elderly patients with senile dementia were equally randomized into observation group and control group.The observation group was provided with community nursing intervention,while the control group was not.The improvement of patients′ dementia and caregivers′ psychology of both groups was compared.Results After community nursing intervention,the mini mental status examination（MMSE） score and the activity of daily living（ADL） score in the observation group were（18.25±1.77） and（22.98±4.08） respectively,which were significantly higher than what they were before intervention,（15.53±2.05） and（27.62±3.63） respectively.Compared with MMSE score（15.68±1.94） and ADL score（27.63±3.31） in the control group,the difference had statistical significance（P0.01）.Caregivers′ self-rating depression scale（SDS） score and self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） score were（52.88±4.83） and（52.34±4.79） respectively,which had significant differences with what they were before intervention,（58.79±6.71） and（59.55±7.44） respectively.Compared with the SDS score（57.15±6.49） and SAS score（57.38±5.89） in the control group,the differences had statistical significance（P0.01）.Conclusion Community nursing intervention can markedly improve senile dementia,and reduce caregivers′ depression and anxiety.Effective community nursing intervention for senile dementia patients and their caregivers has profound social significance.