模拟氦氧饱和潜水实验中监测潜水员尿量及尿电解质的作用

Detection of urinary volume and electrolyte excretion of the divers in the He-02 simulated saturation dive

目的探讨模拟2．6MPa氦氧饱和潜水暴露时潜水员尿量及尿电解质变化对潜水员健康干预的监护作用。方法7名健康男性潜水员参加模拟250m氦氧饱和潜水，在暴露前、中、后每日取晨尿和24h尿检测尿常规、尿量、尿电解质、肌酐及N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）排泄量。结果参试潜水员尿常规在高压暴露过程中没有明显变化；尿量在暴露于2．0MPa以上压力时略有增高，但无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；尿Na^＋、K^＋、Cl^-、Ca^2＋、Mg^2＋、NAG酶在高压下排泄减少（P〈0．05），尤以钙减少明显且持续时间长，但在减压后1周基本恢复至正常水平。结论模拟2．6MPa氦氧饱和潜水暴露过程中潜水员尿量和尿电解质排泄存在波动，检测尿量和尿电解质排泄量可为舱内潜水员的健康干预杯供参考依据．

Objective To investigate the value of urinary volume and electrolyte excretion detection for medical intervention of the divers in the 2.6 MPa simulated He-O2 saturation dive. Methods Seven healthy male divers participated in the 2.6 MPa（250 msw） simulated saturation dive. Morning urine and 24 h urine samples were collected everyday, before, during, and after the dive. Then, urine routine, urine volume and electrolyte excretion, such as sodium, potassium, chlorine, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, as well as the contents of creatinine and N-acetyl-^-D-glucosaminidase （NAG） were analyzed. Results No significant changes in the urine routine of the divers were detected during the 2.6 to 2.0 MPa hyperbaric exposures. Urine volume increased slightly, but without statistical significance, when the divers were exposed to a pressure greater than 2.0 MPa（P 〉 0.05）. The excretion of sodium, potassium, chlorine, calcium, magnesium and NAG decreased during exposure （ vs basic value, P 〈 0.05 ） , with the decreasing of calcium more prominently and for a longer duration. However, urinary electrolyte excretion recovered to normal level one week after the dive. Conclusions Results indicate that urine volume and electrolyte excretion fluctuated during the simulated 2.6 MPa He-O2 saturation exposure. Monitoring of the changes in urine volume and contents could provide some evidence for the medical intervention of exposed divers, for this reason, it is helpful to the monitoring of the physical fitness of divers.