明清时期大理洱海沿岸的水利建设与水资源配置

Water Conservancy Construction and Water Resources Allocation around Dali Erhai in the Ming-Qing Dynasties

时下流行的"水利社会"研究普遍重视古代水资源的利用、分配的社会机制及其与区域历史走向之间的关联,但中国各地的情况并不完全一致。就大理而言,明清时期的官府和士绅积极组织水利建设和土地整治工作,在水资源的分配和调控中,政府和民间组织合力形成的社会权力体系保证了用水问题较为妥善的解决,但一些地方出现的争水纠纷也显示了当时存在的水田开垦过量等问题。

The studies of ＂water conservancy society＂ which is popular nowadays attach importance to the utilization of water resources,social mechanism of distribution and its relevance to historical trends of regions in the ancient times.As for Dali,the government and the gentry were vigorously organizing water conservancy construction and land improvement in the Ming-Qing Dynasties.In the allocation and regulation of water resources,social power system formed by the joint forces of the government and civil organizations guarantees the proper solution to water problems,but fights for water in some regions reveal the occurrence of over cultivation of paddy fields.