老年烧伤患者流行病学分析及护理

Nursing care and epidemiological analyse of elderly burn patients

目的探讨531例老年烧伤患者的流行病学特点并提出防治经验。方法选取2002—2010年收治于某两家医院烧伤科的531例年龄在60岁以上老年烧伤患者为对象，对其一般资料、致伤原因、占同期入院人数比例和疾病转归等进行回顾性分析，总结流行病学特点并提出防治措施。结果在531例患者中，患者的平均年龄为72．86岁；家庭烧伤患者占72．50％，意外事故伤占16．70％；老年烧伤的临床治愈率为82．11％，死亡率为2．33％；老年烧伤入院患者占同期总住院人数比例从2002年的5．13％上升至2010年的5．64％；患者的平均年龄从2002年的72．53岁上升到2010年的73．58岁。结论2002--2010年老年烧伤住院患者人数占同期总住院人数比例和平均住院年龄整体呈上升趋势，家庭生活烧伤是老年患者烧伤的主要原因，需要加强对家庭生活烧伤的预防和宣传教育。

Objective To explore the epidemiological character of elderly burn patients and to provide the experience of prevention and treatment. Methods The retrospective study method was used, and totals of 531 elderly patients with burn from January 2002 to December 2010 in two hospitals were selected. Cases information such as demographics, clinical diagnosis, treatments, causes of injury, mortality rate and causes of death since admission and so on was recorded and analysed, then, the epidemiological character was summarized and the prevention and treatment were proposed. Results Among 531 patients with burn, the average age was 72.86, the rate of burn in home was 72.5 % and in accident was 16.70%. The clinical cure rate was 82.11% and the mortality rate was 2.33%. The proportion of the elderly burn patients account for the total admitted patients in the same period was 5.13% in 2002 and 5.64% in 2010, and the average age of elderly burn patients was higher from 72.53 years old in 2002 to 73.58 years old in 2010. Conclusions The proportion of the elderly burn patients account for total admitted patients in the same period was higher as well as the average age of patients from 2002 to 2010. We should pay more attention to the prevention and education for the burn in home as the main cause of elderly burn patients is the home burn.