刷洗负压吸引法在经口气管插管患者口腔护理中的应用

Application of negative pressure attraction method of brushing and washing in oral care of patients with orotracheal intubation

目的探讨刷洗负压吸引法在经口气管插管患者口腔护理中的应用效果。方法选取ICU经口气管插管的患者82例，随机分为观察组42例和对照组40例，观察组采用刷洗负压吸引法进行口腔护理，对照组采用传统口腔护理方法。比较两组患者口腔感染发生率、呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）发生率、牙菌斑发生率和口腔黏膜损伤发生率。结果观察组口腔感染发生率、VAP的发生率和牙菌斑发生率分别为7．14％，2．38％，4．76％，均少于对照组的22．50％，15．00％，32．50％，差异均有统计学意义（x。分别为3．88，4．18，10．55；P〈0．05）。两组口腔黏膜损伤发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论与传统口腔护理方法相比，刷洗负压吸引法能有效保持经口气管插管患者口腔清洁，降低口腔感染、VAP和牙菌斑的发生率。

] Objective To explore the effect of negative pressure attraction method of brushing and washing apply in oral care of patients with orotracheal intubation. Methods Totals of 82 oral intubation patients in ICU were randomly selected and divided into experience group （ n = 42 ） and control group （ n = 40）. The traditional method of oral care was used in control group, while the negative pressure attraction method of brushing and washing was used in experience group, then, the incidence of oral infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia（ VAP）, dental plaque and oral mucosal injury were observed in two groups. Results The incidence of oral infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia（ VAP）, dental plaque in experience group respectively were 7.14% ,2.38%, 4.76%, and that in control group were 22.50%, 15.00%, 32.50%, the differences were statistically significant （ x2 = 3. 88,4. 18, 10. 55, respectively; P 〈 0. 05 ）, while there was no significant difference in the incidence of oral mucosal injury between two groups （ P 〉0. 05 ）. Conclusions The negative pressure attraction method of brushing and washing can effectively keep the oral clean of patients with orotracheal intubation, reduce the incidence of oral infections and ventilator-associated pneumonia and dental plaque, when compared with the traditional method of oral care.