不同年龄护士工作投入的现况调查与分析

Investigation of nurses with various ages on the work engagement

目的探讨不同年龄护士工作投入的水平与差异，为有效激励其工作积极性提供理论依据和实践指导。方法采用Utrecht工作投入量表和一般情况调查表，对新疆生产建设兵团各级医疗机构的810名在职护士进行问卷调查。比较不同年龄组的护士工作投入情况。结果共发放问卷810份，回收有效问卷746份。746名护士工作投入总体得分为（3．263±1．097）分；工作投入及其各维度与年龄均呈正相关，差异均有统计学意义（r分别为0．142，0．126，0．090，0．173；P〈0．05）；不同年龄组护士工作投入、活力维度、奉献维度及专注维度各维度组内比较，差异均有统计学意义（F分别为4．169，3．728，2．316，5．756；P〈0．05）；组内两两比较，41—45岁年龄组和≥46岁年龄组护士工作投入及奉献维度和专注维度均数与其他各组比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；活力维度均分中，≤25岁组、41—45岁组和≥46岁组护士活力维度均分与其他各组均分比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），且≤25岁年龄组与41～45岁和≥46岁年龄组比较差异具有统计学意义（P=0．014），而后两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．128）。结论新疆兵团护士工作投入总体处于中等偏上水平，其中活力维度得分相对较低。工作投入及其奉献维度和专注维度的高度状态均随年龄的增加而增加，而活力维度的高度状态呈现中间低、两头高的趋势。

Objective To study the status of work engagement such as the level and the difference of registered nurses with various ages in order to provide theory and practice guidances for effectively incentive their initiative. Methods Totals of 746 nurses in the Production and Construction Corps of Xinjiang were investigated with the self-designed general situation questionnaire and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale （UWES）. Results The mean value of work engagement among nurses was （ 3. 263 ± 1. 097 ）. Nurses＇ work engagement and each dimension were positively correlated with ages （r = 0. 142,0. 126,0. 09,0. 173, respectively; P 〈 0.05）. There was significant difference in the dimension of work engagement, vigor, dedication,and absorption among nurses of different age groups （ F = 4.169,3. 728,2.316,5. 756, respectively; P 〈 0.05 ）. The averag, e score of work engagement and the dimensions of dedication,absorption in 41-45 age group and≥46 age group, was significantly different from other groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and the average score of vigor dimension in the age group of ≤25,41- 45 and ≥46 was significantly different from other groups （P 〈0. 05 ）, as well as the different between ≤ 25 age group and age group of 41-45, ≥46 （P = 0. 014） ,while the difference between the age group of 41- 45 and ≥46 was not statistically significant （ P = 0. 128 ）. Conclusions The level of work engagement in nurses is the moderate, and the vigor dimension score is lower than the others. With the age increasing, score of the nurses＇ work engagement and dedication and absorption is higher gradually, and the vigor emerging show low middle and high side.