开放式管理对控制慢性精神分裂症患者院内感染的影响

Investigation and analysis of nosocomial infection in the open management on chronic schizophrenics

目的探讨慢性精神分裂症患者实施开放式管理对控制医院感染的效果。方法选择长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者共390例，其中包括开放式管理的患者192例和封闭式管理的患者198例，比较两组感染发病率、呼吸道感染发病率，探讨住院时间和年龄与感染发病率的关系。结果开放式管理的患者感染发病率为9．9％，封闭式管理的患者为27．7％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=20．31，P〈0．05）；封闭式管理的患者呼吸道感染率为21．7％，高于开放式管理患者的8．3％，差异有统计学意义（x2=14．49，P〈0．05）；感染发病率随住院时间的增加而逐年增高。结论开放式管理可有效减少慢性精神分裂症患者院内感染的发生。

Objective To explore the effect of controlling the nosocomial infection among the chronic schizophrenics with open management. Methods 192 patients in opening management group and 198 patients in closing management group were enrolled among chronic schizophrenics from 2006 to 2010 by using the random number method. The incidence of nosocomial infection of the two groups and its relationship with hospitalization duration and age were investigated retrospectively. Results Incidence of nosocomial infection was 9.9% in the opening group and 27.7% in the closing group. There was significant difference between the two groups （X2 = 20. 31, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The proportion of respiratory tract infection in the closing group （21.7%） was significantly higher than that in the opening group （ 8.3% ）. The difference was statistically significant 0（2 = 14. 49, P 〈0. 05）. Incidence of nosocomial infection was found positively correlated with hospitalization duration. Conclusions The open management might effectively decrease the incidence of nosocomial infection among schizophrenics.