海洛因依赖者HBV、HCV感染的流行病学调查─附300例

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF HEROIN ADDICTS INFECTED BY HCV AND HBV

研究海洛因依赖者中HBV和HCV的流行情况及其感染的相关性因素 ,并探讨降低该人群中HBV及HCV感染率的途径。方法··:采取同期住院的吸毒者入院次日晨空腹血 ,分为两个组 (烫吸组和静脉注射组 ) ,观察两组间HBV -M、抗 -HCV阳性率的差异。结果··:静脉注射组抗 -HCV阳性率和双重阳性率明显高于烫吸组 ,HBV -M则明显低于烫吸组 ,并且静脉注射组内 ,抗 -HCV阳性率表现出随静脉注射毒品时间的延长而明显升高的趋势 (趋势χ2=7.657 ,P<0.01)。结论·· :静脉注射毒品是HCV感染的直接相关性因素 ,吸毒者交叉使用注射器具是造成HCV感染的重要原因。预防以减少静脉注射毒品、减少交叉使用注射器为主。HBV为多途径传播 ,静脉途径传播的重要性相对降低 ,因此预防更加困难 ,需采取综合措施。

Objective: To study the epidemic state and its relative factor inducing HBV and HCV infection among heroin addicts and probe into the method to prevent them. Method: The heroin addicts were divided into two groups: intravenous heroin abusers(IHA) and non-intravenous heroin abusers(NIHA).The differences of serum positive rates of HBV-M and anti-HCV between the two groups were observed. Result: The positive rate of anti-HCV and both HBV-M and HCV of IHA was much higher than that of NIHA (P<0.01), but the positive rate of HBV-M of IHA was lower than that of NIHA(P<0.05).The duration of iv drug was related with the positive rate of anti-HCV among NIHA(trend χ2=7.657, P< 0.01). Conclusion: Intravenous drug use is the relative factor of HCV infection. So it is important to reduce iv drug use and prevent sharing injectors. HBV can be infected through several ways, which makes it more difficult to prevent and a comprehensive measure is needed.