超声心动图对母体糖耐量异常胎儿心脏结构与功能的定量研究

Quantitative evaluation of cardiac morphology and function of fetuses in pregnancies complicated by gestational impaired glucose tolerance using fetal echocardiography

目的对母体糖耐量异常（gestational impaired glucose tolerance，GIGT）胎儿的心脏结构和功能进行系统胎儿超声心动图定量分析。方法选取68例孕龄21～40周GIGT孕妇，并随机选择孕龄匹配的81例无血糖异常孕妇作为对照组。采用胎儿超声心动图进行系统定量检测，包括二维、M型超声心动图测量心脏大小、室壁厚度、左室射血分数及短轴缩短率，脉冲多普勒超声心动图定量主动脉瓣口、肺动脉瓣口及房室瓣口血流速度等系列参数，并采用组织多普勒技术评价胎儿房室瓣环运动，测量舒张早期、舒张晚期及收缩期的峰值运动速度；GIGT胎儿与对照组胎儿间评价心脏形态结构，室壁厚度、收缩及舒张功能参数比较采用独立样本t检验。结果GIGT胎儿与对照组胎儿相比，心脏形态结构及心室收缩舒张功能各参数差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论多参数定量胎儿超声心动图分析能准确、客观地评估GIGT胎儿心脏结构和功能，有助于此类胎儿的产前咨询。

Objective To quantitative evaluate the alterations of cardiac morphology and function in gestational impaired glucose tolerance（GIGT） fetuses. Methods Fetal echocardiograms were performed on 68 GIGT fetuses with gestation age between 21 -40 weeks for evaluation of cardiac morphology and function. Fetal cardiac morphology,systolic and diastolic functions of 68 GIGT fetuses were compared with 81 control group fetuses using conventional two-dimensional, M-mode, pulsed Doppler echocardiography and myocardial tissue Doppler imaging. Results Comprehensive fetal echocardiography data analysis showed no significant differences in cardiac morphology and function between two groups （ P 〉0.05）. Conclusions The alterations of cardiac morphology and function in GIGT fetuses can be accurately and objectively evaluated using quantitative evaluation in fetal echocardiography and will help to offer consultation.