彝-汉语四方方位词的理据异同探析

Exploration to Grounds of Creating Words of the Localizers in Yi-Chinese Language

彝-汉语四方方位词的理据同中有异,其理据性的差异与参照物的选择密切相关。汉语四方方位词是一个自足而完整的造词系统。"东"的主要理据是"日、木",而"日、木"的取象则准确全面地表达了汉语四方方位词系统而整体的原始理据。在理据上,彝-汉语"东、西"方位词的差异性相对较小,而"南、北"方位词的差异性较大,并且彝语四方方位词的理据性参照物之间的系统性和整体性不如汉语强。

The grounds of creating words of four localizers in Yi-Chinese Language are differences on common ground,and the differences of creating words is derived from the selection of images.The localizers in Chinese is a complete self-sufficient word-formation system.The key point in the creation of ＂Dong＂（东）lies in ＂Ri＂（日）and ＂Mu＂（木）.The process of referring to these images accurately and comprehensively reflects the original reasons and basis of the invention of Chinese localizers in a systematic and wholly manner.On the grounds of creating words of four localizers,the differences of Yi-Chinese language localizers ＂Dong、Xi＂（东、西）are less,and the differences of Yi-Chinese language localizers ＂Nan、Bei＂（南、北）are bigger.On the systematic and wholly manner of the localizer-formation,Yi-language localizers cannot do more inseparable than Chinese language.