上海市青年人上前牙邻接触区和龈外展隙的形态研究

Proximal contact areas and gingival embrasures of the maxillary anterior dentition in Shanghai adolescents: a morphology study

目的对上海市青年人不同牙形的上颌前牙邻接触区(PCA)和龈外展隙形态进行研究,为前牙美学修复的临床治疗提供依据。方法选取上海市青年人62例作为研究对象,采用硅橡胶印模材法获取牙列模型,用Sirona inlab inEosBlue蓝光扫描仪扫描模型并测量,测量结果用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计分析。结果三种牙体形态的上前牙邻接触区百分数(PCAP)比例:方圆形上前牙的中切牙与中切牙(CI-CI)、中切牙与侧切牙(CI-LI)、侧切牙与尖牙(LI-CA)分别为(47.7±5.1)%、(34.6±5.0)%、(24.2±4.2)%;卵圆形分别为(43.1±3.7)%、(31.3±4.1)%、(22.3±3.7)%;尖圆形分别(38.8±5.3)%、(33.1±5.7)%、(23.2±3.7)%。统计分析显示,方圆形和卵圆形分别在上前牙的CI-CI、LI-CA两牙位的PCA长度与同侧中切牙临床冠长存在线性相关性。中切牙临床冠长(P<0.01)、中切牙间龈乳头高度(PH)(P<0.01)和龈外展隙的角度(GEA)(P<0.01)在不同牙形间的差异具有统计学意义。结论上前牙邻接触区长度百分数、龈乳头高度、龈外展隙的角度与上中切牙牙形密切相关,可以为临床前牙及其软组织修复治疗提供参考数据。

Objective To investigate the morphology of proximal contact areas（PCA） and gingival embrasures of the maxillary anterior dentition in Shanghai adolescents,hoping to provide evidence for clinical treatment of maxillary anterior tooth esthetic restoration.Methods Totally 62 dental models of Shanghai adolescents with normal occlusion were collected with silicon rubber,and each case was scanned by Sirona inlab inEos Blue and measured by CAD/CAM bundled software.The collected data were analyzed by SPSS18.0 software.Results The mean proximal contact area proportion（PCAP） between central incisors（CI-CI）,central and lateral incisors（CI-LI）,and lateral incisors and canines（LI-CA） were（47.7±5.1）%,（34.6±5.0）%,and（24.2±4.2）% in central incisor of square shape,（43.1±3.7）%,（31.3±4.1）% and（22.3±3.7）% in ovoid shape,and（38.8±5.3）%,（33.1±5.7）% and（23.2±3.7）% in the tapered shape.Linear relation was found between PCA and clinic crown length of ipsilateral central incisor in the position of CI-CI and LI-CA in square and ovoid shapes.There were significant differences in the clinic crown length of central incisors（P0.01）,midline papilla height（PH）（P0.01） and gingival embrasure angle（GEA）（P0.01） between different shapes of central incisor of square,ovoid,and tapering.Conclusion The shapes of central incisors are closely related to the PCAP,PH and GEA,which provides reference for clinical anterior and soft tissue restoration.