屋尘螨成螨形态的扫描电镜观察

Morphological observation on adult Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Acari: Pyroglyphidae) with scanning electron microscope

【目的】利用扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscopy,SEM)观察屋尘螨Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus颚体、躯体、外生殖器及足等的形态结构。【方法】从床尘、枕尘中采集屋尘螨,分离出雌雄成螨,在体视显微镜下清洗处理活螨后,用SEM观察其外部形态特征。【结果】SEM照片显示,屋尘螨螯肢钳状,须肢扁平;体表具细密皮纹,似指纹状,纹间距小于2μm。外生殖器位于腹面正中,雌螨为产卵孔,雄螨生殖孔具1对叶状生殖盖。肛门呈纵行裂孔,雄螨具2个肛吸盘。雌螨足跗节末端各具爪垫1个,雄螨跗节Ⅳ具2个吸盘。【结论】本研究观察结果为尘螨鉴定提供了更多依据。

[Aim] The external morphology including the gnathosoma, idiosoma, external genitalia and legs of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was observed by using scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. [Methods] D. pteronyssinus mites were collected from the dust of beds and pillows, and the living adult mites were isolated using the stereoscope and observed with SEM. [Results] SEM photographs showed that the cheliceraeare clamp-like and palps flat. Cuticle is covered with fine striations like fingerprint, with distance between striations less than 2 μm. Oviporus of female genitalia is located at the center of the ventral surface of the idiosoma. The male genitalia has a pair of leaf-like genital folds. Anus is a longitudinal hole, with two anal suckers in the male. The end of each tarsus of female has a pulvillus, and the tarsus of leg Ⅳ of the male has two suckers. [Conclusion] The observations on D. pteronyssinus provide more evidence for identification of dust mites.