血管内介入技术制作兔局灶性脑缺血模型

Rabbit focal cerebral ischemia model established by vascular interventional method

目的建立一种微创、可控性强的兔局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型。方法健康成年新西兰家兔66只,随机分为模型组(n=34)和假手术组(n=32),采用血管内介入技术将微导丝由股动脉送入栓塞右侧大脑中动脉,2 h后拔除微导丝建立模型,而假手术组微导丝进入右侧大脑中动脉后即退出。临床神经功能检查家兔左侧肢体对疼痛刺激的反应、蹲立时的姿势和行走时的步态;分别于术后6 h、12 h和2周处死模型组和假手术组各24只家兔,取脑组织并行2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色,观察梗死灶情况;术后2周处死剩余家兔,取脑组织并行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色,观察脑组织病理学变化。结果在模型组,临床神经功能检查显示家兔出现不同程度的偏瘫症状,建模成功率为94.12%;TTC染色证实术后6 h存在脑梗死灶,12 h后脑梗死灶趋于稳定;术后2周脑组织HE染色显示右侧额顶叶脑组织缺血性改变。假手术组家兔未出现上述症状及病变。结论采用血管内介入技术制作兔局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,该方法微创、可控性强,模型稳定可靠,是用于研究局灶性脑缺血较为理想的动物模型。

Objective To establish a micro-invasive and well-controllable focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model in rabbits.Methods Sixty-six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into model group（n=34） and sham operation group（n=32）.The microwire was put into the right middle cerebral artery via femoral artery by interventional technique and maintained 2 h in model group,while in sham operation group the microwire was only put into the right middle cerebral artery and then withdrawn.The response to pain stimulation of left limb was examined,and the squatting and standing gesture and the walking gait were observed.Twenty-four rabbits in model group and sham operation group were sacrificed 6 h,12 h and 2 weeks after operation,brain tissues were stained with 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride（TTC）,and the conditions of infart lesions were observed.The left rabbits were sacrificed 2 weeks after operation,HE staining was performed for brain tissues,and the occlusion of middle cerebral artery and pathological changes of brain tissues were evaluated.Results Symptoms of hemiplegia emerged in rabbits of model group,and the success rate of model establishment was 94.12%.TTC staining of brain sections confirmed there were infart lesions 6 h after operation,and the extent of infarct lesions tended to be stable 12 h after operation.It was revealed by HE staining that there was obvious ischemic damage in the right territory of frontoparietal lobe.All the above changes were not observed in sham operation group.Conclusion The focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model in rabbits established by vascular interventional method is micro-invasive,well-controllable,stable and reliable,which is a favorable experimental animal model for research of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.