2009年河南省许昌市饮水型地方性氟中毒监测结果分析

Surveillance analysis of drinking water-born endemic fluorosis in 2009 in Xuchang city, Henan province

目的了解许昌市地方性氟中毒的病情动态，评价防治措施的落实效果。方法2009年，在河南省许昌市，抽取长葛市、许昌县作为监测县（市），调查监测县（市）的改水工程运行情况及水含氟量，并选择10个病区村作为监测村，调查8～12岁儿童氟斑牙及尿含氟量，16岁成人临床氟骨症及尿含氟量。结果2个监测县所有改水村中，改水工程正在使用的村有97个，占61．39％（97／158），报废的村有61个，占38．61％（61／158）。在10个监测村中，9个未改水村，水氟均值范围为1．32～2．25mg/L；1个已改水村，末梢水水氟为0．44mg／L；8～12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为38．65％（80／207），儿童的尿氟几何均数为1．65mg／L；成人临床氟骨症检出率为0．30％（9／2982），成人尿氟几何均数为2．09mg／L。结论许昌市属于地方性氟中毒轻中度流行区．病情尚未得到有效控制．需进一步加大防治力度。

Objective To investigate the status of an illness of endemic fluorosis in Xuchang city, and to evaluate the effect of implementation of control measures. Methods In 2009, Changge city and Xuehang county were chosen as survey counties（city）. We investigated the surveillance counties （ city ） about the running state of water-inproving projects, and fluoride content of drinking water in the villages, and ten villages were chosen as survey villages, dental fluorosis and fluoride content of children aged 8 to 12, clinical skeletal fluorosis and urinary fluoride content of 16-year-old adult were investigated. Results In all the villages with projects of defluoridation for drinking water of the two monitoring counties, that the projects was being used accounted for 61.39%（97/158）, and the projects discarded accounted for 38.61%（61/158）. In the 9 non-water-improving villages, the average water fluoride ranged 1.32＇- 2.25 mg/L; in the 1 water-improving village, the mean water fluoride was 0.44 mg/L. The total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 38.65% （80/207）, and the geometric mean of urinary fluoride was 1.65 mg/L. The rate of adult skeletal fluorosis by clinical detection was 0.30% （9/2982）, and the geometric mean of urinary fluoride was 2.09 mg/L. Conclusions Xuchang city is a mild to moderate fluorosis epidemic areas of endemic fluorosis, and condition of the disease has not yet been effectively controlled, and there is need to further intensify the prevention and control efforts.