遗忘型轻度认知功能障碍的执行功能损害

Executive function deficits in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment

目的探讨遗忘型轻度认知功能障碍患者执行功能变化的特点。方法依据Miyake的执行功能三因素模型(工作记忆、任务转换、反应抑制),使用E-prime软件对这三种执行功能核心成分编写检测任务:利用2-back任务和Keep-track任务检测工作记忆,Stop-signal任务和Stroop任务检测反应抑制,More-odd shift-ing任务检测任务转换能力。在34例遗忘型轻度认知功能障碍(amnestic mild cognitive impairement,aMCI)患者和31例正常老年人中进行这些任务的检测,比较两组间执行功能差异的特点。结果 aMCI组的执行功能比对照组显著降低(Wilks′λ=0.567,P﹤0.01)。除Stroop任务的数据两组间没有明显差异之外,aMCI组的2-back任务、Keep-track任务、Stop-signal任务、More-odd shifting任务的成绩均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但这4种任务成绩下降的程度彼此间没有显著差异。结论aMCI阶段已经出现了执行功能的全面损害,三种执行功能核心成分均有受损。

Objective To characterize the executive function deficits in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment（aMCI）.Methods Based on the theoretical model of EF proposed by Miyake,three core components of EF（working memory,response inhibition and task switching） were analyzed in 34 aMCI patients and 31 healthy elderly controls using computerized tasks.The 2-back task and Keep track task were used to test working memory;the Stop-signal task and Stroop task were used to test response inhibition and the More-odd shifting task were used to examine task switching.The overall EF and the three individual EF components were compared between groups.Results Executive function was significantly impaired in patients with aMCI（Wilks′λ = 0.567,P﹤0.01）.There were significant differences in all other four tasks except Stroop task between two groups.The degree of score reduction was not significant among four affected tasks.Conclusions The patients with aMCI have significant deficits in all three core components of executive function.