自吸过滤式防尘口罩适合性与头面部尺寸关系分析

The relationship between fit characteristics of two kinds of self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirators and head-face dimensions of subjects

目的测定自吸过滤式防尘口罩对代表性成年人的适合性，探讨影响口罩适合性的头面尺寸等因素。方法依据中国人群头面尺寸二元分栏选择代表性测试的成年人对象50名，分别佩戴杯状和折叠型两种自吸过滤式防尘口罩，采用适合性测试专用仪器测定佩戴后的适合因数（FF），同时测量测试对象的5项头面部指标（脸宽、鼻梁宽、颌宽、脸长、鼻突）。用x2检验比较两种口罩的测试通过率，利用独立样本t检验比较测试通过者和测试未通过者脸部尺寸的差异，多元回归模型分析头面部尺寸对FF的影响。结果折叠型口罩测试通过率为86．0％，大于杯状口罩测试通过率（68．0％），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。折叠型口罩通过者和未通过者的主要头面部尺寸比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；杯状口罩通过者的脸宽、颌宽、脸长均大于未通过者，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。脸长与杯状口罩的FF对数值存在正性作用，标准化偏回归系数为0．31846，有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论口罩的形状和受试者脸部尺寸对口罩适合性有影响，折叠型口罩适合性与头面部尺寸相关性不大，而杯状口罩适合性与头面部尺寸相关性较大。

Objective To investigate the fitness characteristics of self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirators for representative subjects and to explore the influencing factors on fitness characteristics of respirators. Methods According to the Chinese new bivariate fit test panel, 50 representative subjects were studied for using 2 kinds of self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirators. The N95 Companion from TSI was used to test the Fit factor （FF）, and five representative facial dimensions （face width, bigonial breadth, nasal root breadth, face length and nose protrusion） were measured. Then chi-square test was used to compare the qualified rates of 2 kinds of respirators. The t-test was utilized to analyze the differences of facial dimensions between qualified samples and unqualified samples. Muhiple linear regression models were also established to analyze the effects of facial dimensions on FF. Results The qualified rate （86%） of folding respirators was significantly higher than that （68%） of cup respirators （P〈O.05）. There were no significant differences of facial dimensions between qualified subjects and unqualified subjects for folding respirators. However, the face width, bigonial breadth and face length of qualified subjects were significantly larger than those of unqualified subjects for cup respirators （P〈0.01 ）. The regression coefficient （0.31846 ） demonstrated that the positive effects of face length on mean log-transformed fit factor （MLFF） for all subjects with cup respirators （P〈0.05）. Conclusion There were significant effects of respirator styles and head-face dimensions on the respirator fitness. There was a significant correlation between the respirator fitness and the facial dimensions for cup respirators.