贵州省德江县大顶上岩溶塌陷成因及防治措施

The Formation Cause of Karst Collapse and Its Prevention and Control Measures in Dadinshang,Dejiang County,Guizhou Province

岩溶塌陷在喀斯特地区常见的一种地质灾害,对生活在岩溶塌陷易发区的居民来说是一个较大的安全隐患。本文从贵州省德江县大顶上岩溶塌陷区的地质环境条件出发,分析了该区岩溶塌陷的形成原因。认为该区产生岩溶塌陷的基本条件为岩溶发育,有一定厚度松散堆积层,断层破碎带发育,地下水水位大幅度下降。诱发原因为人类采矿工程活动,其主要形成机制有深浅部隐伏岩溶连通效应,机械潜蚀效应和降水入渗效应。在分析岩溶塌陷成因的基础上提出了该区岩溶塌陷的防治措施。

Karst collapse is a common geological hazards in the karst region,It is a large security hidden to the residents of living in the karst collapse-prone area.In this paper,from the geological environmental conditions of the Dawan karst collapse area in Dejiang County,Guizhou Province,analyzes the formation cause of the karst collapse.Thinking the basic conditions of karst collapse produced is existence of karst voids and cavity、a certain thickness of loose soil layers、Fault fracture zone development 、the groundwater level dropped significantly;induced causes is human mining engineering activities.The main formation mechanism is effect of the depth and shallow insidious karst connectivity、mechanical erosion effect、 the effect of precipitation infiltration.On the basis of analyzing the cause of karst collapse,proposed prevention and control measures of karst collapse in this area.