新疆艾滋病流行状况分析

Analysis of epidemic status of HIV/AIDS in Xinjiang

目的分析新疆艾滋病流行状况,为防治工作提供支持。方法整合网络报告、哨点监测、新发感染监测和队列研究数据,描述全疆艾滋病疫情分布和流行特点。结果新疆进入艾滋病广泛流行期,性途径传播取代静脉吸毒成为主要传播方式;男女报告比例趋于一致,主要分布于20～39岁年龄段,少数民族感染比例较高;伊犁州直、乌鲁木齐市、阿克苏地区、喀什地区、和田地区、吐鲁番地区疫情较为集中,占报告总数的90.8%;南疆地区新发感染比例有所增加;既往感染者集中进入发病期,报告艾滋病患者数逐年增加。结论新疆艾滋病总体低流行、特定人群和局部地区高流行,注射吸毒者艾滋病流行趋于平稳,性传播风险明显增加,受艾滋病影响人数逐年增加,防治形势较为严峻。

Objective To analyze the epidemic status of HIV/AIDS in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,to provide supports for HIV/AIDS prevention and control.Methods Data of network report,sentinel surveillance,new infection surveillance and cohort studies were integrated to describe distributions and characteristics of HIV epidemic in Xinjiang.Results Xinjiang entered into the period of extensive epidemic of HIV,and intravenous drug use was replaced for sexual transmission as the main transmission channel;the case report on distributions for gender tended to be balance,mainly concentrated on 20-39 years old,and infection ratio was high in minority group.The reported cases mainly came from Ili Prefecture,Urumqi,Aksu Prefecture,Kashi Prefecture,Hotan Prefecture and Turpan Prefecture,accounting for 90.8% of the total.The new infection of HIV now increased in Southern Xinjiang;More HIV infectors developed to be AIDS and the reported cases with AIDS increased year by year.Conclusions Xinjiang now is facing status that HIV/AIDS has low epidemic generally but high epidemic in certain population and local areas;the epidemic in intravenous drug users is getting stable,but the risks of sexual transmission are increasing dramatically,the number of people affected by HIV/AIDS increases year by year.The situation of HIV/AIDS prevention and control is still serious.