植物生长延缓剂对盆栽月季生长发育的影响

Effect of Plant Growth Retardants on the Growth and Development of Potted Rose

采用不同质量浓度的3种植物生长延缓剂多效唑(PP333)、矮壮素(CCC)、缩节胺(DPC),运用叶喷和灌根两种处理方式,通过测定植株的形态指标(株高、节间长、叶片长与宽、花枝长、花梗长、花径及初花期等)和生理生化指标(叶绿素含量、光合速率、蒸腾速率、叶片酶活性及可溶性糖含量等),研究3种药剂对盆栽月季‘世纪之春’生长发育的影响。结果表明:(1)不同药剂的使用浓度和方式对盆栽月季的形态和生理指标有不同程度的影响,适宜浓度和方式处理能缩短植株节间长度来降低株高,使株型饱满,开花正常,提高观赏价值;同时可以增加叶片叶绿素含量,提高光合效率,增加叶片超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性及可溶性糖含量,对改善盆栽月季观赏品质有重要影响;(2)叶面喷洒700mg.kg-1 PP333和灌根300mg.kg-1 PP333的调控效果最好,喷洒1 200mg.kg-1CCC和300mg.kg-1 DPC效果次之,均能达到有效降低株高和提高观赏效果的目的。

By the methods of spraying leaves and root drench with paclobutrazol （PP333）, chlorcholinchlorid （CCC） or mepiquat chlorride （DPC） in different concentrations, through the test of the morphological indi- ces （plant height, inernod length, leaf length and width, length of flower shoot, pedicel length, flower diame- ter and flowering date） and the physiological indices （chlorophyll content,photosynthesis rate,transpira- tion rate,enzymatic activity and the sugar soluble content in potted rose leaves） ,study the effects of PP333, CCC and DPC on the growth and development of the potted rose （‘Shijizhichun＇）. The results showed that. Firstly,it had the different influence to the morphological and physiological indices of potted rose, u- sing retardants with different concentrations and ways. Under the treatments with appropriate concentra- tions and ways, the plant height could be decreased through shortening inernod length, the plantype was compact, the plants blossom normally. Therefore, the plant value of view was increased. At the same time, they also could increase plant chlorophyll content, improve the photosynthetic efficiency and increase SOD, POD activities and the sugar soluble content in plant leaves. It had a significant effect on the ornamental quality of potted rose. Secondly,the treatments by spraying leaves with 700 mg · kg^-1 PP333 and by drenc- hing the roots 300 mg · kg^-1 PP333 obtained the best results. By spraying leaves with 1 200 mg · kg^-1 CCC and 300 mg · kg^-1 DPC got better results. They could decrease the plant height and improve the plant value of view.