202例急诊牙外伤临床分析

Clinical analysis of 202 Dental Trauma in the Emergency Room

目的:探讨急诊牙外伤的流行病学特点及预防措施。方法:分析总结202例急诊牙外伤患者的性别,年龄,病因,受伤时间,就诊时间,牙外伤的数目,位置,临床分类。结果:18岁以下牙外伤患者高峰年龄为2～4岁,成人为19～24岁;男性患者数量明显多于女性;牙外伤的原因多为摔伤;最易受伤的季节为夏季;91.08%的患者能够在发生牙外伤后24h内到急诊就诊;外伤牙左右基本对称,上中切牙最易受累;牙外伤累及两颗牙齿的病例最多(33.66%);牙体硬组织损伤中冠折露髓最为多见,牙周组织损伤中牙震荡最为多见。结论:牙外伤影响人们的生活质量和身心健康,根据牙外伤的发病特点,针对不同人群进行宣教和加强预防十分必要。

Objective： To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics and protective measures of dental trauma in dental emergency. Methods： The data of gender and age, causes of dental trauma, time of hurt and visit, diagnoses, clinical characteristis of 202 emergencies of dental trauma were analyzed. Results： The age peak of dental trauma pa- tients under 18 years was 2 to 4 years and 19 to24 years for adult. The number of males was significantly higher than females. Tumble was the main cause of dental trauma. Summer had the highest frequency of dental traumatic emergencies. 91.08~ of the patients visted the dental clinic within 24 hours after injury. There was no difference between the number of iniured teeth in left and right side. The maxillary central incisors were the most easily to be affected. Double teeth injury （33.66%） was predominant in all patients. Crown fracture with exposed pulp and con- cussion of the teeth was the most common traumatic type. Conclusion： Dental trauma influenced living quality and physical or psychological health of the patients. Knowledge of the etiological and clinical characteristics of emergen- cy dental trauma and protective measures should be necessarily taught to all age groups.