血红蛋白定量分析技术的历史和发展

The history and development of quantitative analysis of hemoglobin

地中海贫血是一组由于珠蛋白基因缺陷导致珠蛋白合成障碍所引起的遗传性溶血性疾病。血红蛋白的分离鉴定和定量分析在地中海贫血的筛查和诊断中起到重要作用，尤其是HbA，和HbF等的定量分析。60多年来，血红蛋白定量分析技术从淀粉胶电泳、滤纸电泳、醋酸纤维素膜电泳、琼脂糖凝胶电泳、柱层析法、高效液相色谱法（HPLC）到毛细管电泳，它的发展与地中海贫血的研究密切相关。而无论选择使用何种方法，最重要的是质量控制。

Thalassemias are a group of inherited disease which is caused by globin gene defects. Identification and quantification of hemoglobin play a very important role for the screening and diagnosis of thalassemia, especially the quantitative analysis of Hb A2 and Hb F. Through past 60 years, the methods for Hemoglobin analysis have been developed from starch gel electrophoresis, paper electrophoresis, cellulose acetate electrophoresis, agarose gel electrophoresis, column chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography till capillary electrophoresis. Its development closely associates with the research on thalassemia. No matter what kind of methods is chosen, quality control is very important.