儿童眼睑毛母质瘤21例病例分析

Eyelid pilomatrixoma of children:a retrospective study of 21 cases

目的分析儿童毛母质瘤在眼部的临床特点。方法对我院21例病理确诊的儿童毛母质瘤患者的临床、病理及超声等表现进行回顾性研究。结果眼睑毛母质瘤占同期儿童眼睑皮下肿块(除外睑板腺囊肿)手术患者的7.9%。男女比例约为1.11.0。发生于上下睑的比例为165。术前诊断与病理检查一致的仅5例,占23.8%。组织病理观察可见典型的影细胞及嗜碱性粒细胞,伴钙化灶者18例(85.7%)。超声主要表现为低回声团块,内显示点状或斑块状高回声;或伴有低回声边缘的高回声团块。所有病例经手术切除后均未见复发。结论发生于眼睑的毛母质瘤在儿童临床并不罕见,但术前容易误诊。组织病理学及超声表现具有一定特征性表现。手术切除不易复发。

Objective To analyze the clinical features of children with eyelid pilomatrixoma.Methods A retrospective study of clinical,histopathological and ultrasound features was carried out in 21 patients with eyelid pilomatrixoma in our hospital.Results In the cases of pilomatrixoma which accounted for 7.89% of all eyelid neoplasm operated in the same period,the male to female ratio was 1.11.0,and the upper to lower eyelid ratio was 165.Only 5 cases（23.8%） had a correct preoperative diagnosis.Histopathological feature was large masses of shadow cells and basophilic cells,combined with calcification in 18 cases（85.7%）.Hypoechoic nodule with internal punctate or patchy high echo and hyperechoic nodule with a hypoechoic rim were the main ultrasound features of pilomatrixoma.None of the cases was relapsed after operation.Conclusion Pilomatrixoma is not a rare eyelid tumor in children,while it was commonly misdiagnosed preoperatively.Some histopathological and ultrasound features are the characteristic of pilomatrixoma.Surgical excision is recommended with very low recurrence.