面向机电耦合振动抑制的电主轴系统匹配特性研究

Research on Match Characteristics of a Motorized Spindle System to Suppress Electromechanical Coupling Vibration

电主轴系统存在复杂的机电耦合作用,若系统机电参数匹配不当,将引起机电耦合振动,导致系统稳定性下降,工件加工表面质量降低。利用将电动机与主轴系统机械特性分离的动力学分析方法难以对系统的机电耦合振动进行有效的分析评价,也难以实现系统机电特性的优化匹配。提出基于机电耦合动力学模型的电主轴系统匹配特性分析方法,利用所提出的方法研究磨削电主轴系统逆变器工作参数、电主轴电动机电磁设计参数和砂轮机械参数对脉动转矩及定子电流频谱特性的影响,并在凸轮轴磨床上进行试验。揭示系统机电耦合振动的物理机制,提出通过优化逆变器工作参数、电主轴电动机电磁设计参数和砂轮参数抑制机电耦合振动的方法。经理论与试验分析证实,通过优化逆变器工作参数可有效抑制机电耦合振动,提高系统匹配特性和磨削质量,从而证实所提出的基于机电耦合动力学模型的电主轴系统匹配特性分析方法是有效可行的。

The complicated electromechanical coupling is existed in a motorized spindle system.If the electromechanical parameters of the system are not matched well,electromechanical coupling vibration will be caused.The system stability and work-piece surface quality are decreased.The dynamic analysis method,which both motor and mechanical characteristics of a spindle system are separated,is adopted for being difficult to make the effective analysis and evaluation of electromechanical coupling vibration for the system,and achieve optimization match for electromechanical characteristics of the system.The analysis method for match characteristics of the system is proposed based on the electromechanical coupling dynamic model.The proposed method is used to study effects of working parameters of an inverter,electromagnetic design parameters of a spindle motor,and grinding wheel mechanical parameters on ripple torque and stator current spectrum.The experiment is also performed.The physical mechanism of electromechanical coupling vibration in the system is revealed.The method is proposed to suppress electromechanical coupling vibration by optimizing working parameters of an inverter,electromagnetic design parameters of a spindle motor,and grinding wheel parameters.It is theoretically and experimentally validated that electromechanical coupling vibration is effectively suppressed by optimizing working parameters of an inverter.The match characteristics of the system and grinding surface quality are improved.Furthermore,the proposed analysis method based on the electromechanical coupling dynamic model is effective and feasible.