高寒区不同树种配置对林下植被物种多样性的影响

Effects of Allocation of Tree Species on Species Diversity of Forest Floor in Alpine Region of Qinghai Province

以高寒区的青海云杉林,白桦林,华北落叶松林,青海云杉白桦混交林,青海云杉华北落叶松混交林5种人工林群落为研究对象,通过样地调查和地表植被调查,分析了不同树种配置对林下物种多样性的影响。结果表明:不同群落间物种多样性有较大差异,混交林相对纯林具有更高的物种多样性;而且在青海云杉和华北落叶松混交的这种配置下,其林下植被在物种丰富度指数、物种多样性指数、生态优势度指数和物种均匀度指数上均表现为最大。因此,建议在该地区适当扩大青海云杉和华北落叶松混交林的种植面积,以充分发挥人工林的水土保持功能并提高地表植被的物种多样性。

The understory plant communities were investigated in pure plantations of Picea crassifolia forest, Betula platyphylla forest, Laria principis-rupprechtii forest and mixed plantation of Picea crassifolia- Betula platyphylla, Picea crassiafolia Laria principis rupprechtill in alpine region of Qinghai Province. Through sample plot and ground vegetation survey, effects of allocation of tree species on species diversity of forest floor were analyzed. Results showed that different community＇s species diversity was quite different and the level of the species diversity in mixed forests was higher than pure forests. Therefore, the planting area of Picea crassifolia-Lari.r principis rupprechtill mixed plantations should be extended properly to increase the diversity of forest floor based on the full exertion of water and soil conservation functions.