江苏省溧阳市耕地地力分级及生产利用建议

Present Status and Suggestions of Rating Management on Cultivated Land Productivity in Liyang City,Jiangsu Province

为合理利用耕地和科学施肥提供依据,需对耕地地力进行评价和分等定级,并提出切实可行的利用建议。以江苏省溧阳市为研究区域;选择了成土母质、质地、坡度、坡向、障碍层类型、灌溉保证率、排涝模数、pH、有机质、有效磷、速效钾、水溶态硼等12个因素作为耕地地力评价因子;应用相关分析、因子分析、模糊评价、层次分析等数学分析原理,建立了一种定性与定量相结合的耕地地力等级评价的方法;以县域耕地资源管理信息系统(CLRMIS)和地理信息系统(GIS)为软件技术支撑将各种属性数据和空间数据进行处理与整合,将溧阳市58611.1 hm2耕地地力划分等级。结果表明,溧阳市耕地地力划分为5个等级,其中一等地9905.3 hm2,占耕地总面积的16.9%;二等地17759.1 hm2,占耕地总面积的30.3%;三等地22272.2 hm2,占耕地总面积的38.0%;四等地8557.2 hm2,占耕地总面积的14.6%;五等地117.3 hm2,占耕地总面积的0.2%。由此得出,利用计算机技术可以完全依据耕地自然要素评价地力,由此获得的评价结果既克服了凭经验确定分级指数主观方法的弊端,又避免了纯数学方法带有较大盲目性的弱点,能更准确地反映耕地的地力等级差异;同时,根据评价结果显示,耕地地力分级基本符合溧阳的实际,同时反映出溧阳市耕地地力的整体水平较高。提出生产利用建议具有较强的针对性和可操作性,便于在生产上应用。

In order to provide basis for reasonable utilization of cultivated land and scientific fertilizer application,it is necessary to evaluate and classify fertility of cultivated land and make feasible suggestions for management.The studied area was Liyang City,Jiangsu Province,China,12 factors such as soil parent material,texture,slope,aspect,type of barrier layer,insurance probability of irrigation water,modulus of surface drainage,PH,organic matter,available phosphorous,available potassium,and water-soluble boron were selected as evaluation factors.With the BFIS,a method in both quantitative and qualitative natures was developed to grade the farmland productive capacity through correlation analysis,factor analysis,fuzzy evaluation,and hierarchic analysis respectively.With the support of software technology,the cultivated land resource management information system（CLRMIS） and geographic information system（GIS） were used for dealing and combining all kinds of data on properties and spaces.It is found that the total area of cultivated land in Liyang City was 58611.1 hm2,which was divided into five levels,i.e.,the 1st level with 9905.3 hm2