人类学视野下的性别思考——以间性人的境况为例

Thinking Gender from an Anthropological Perspective:Taking Intersex as an Example

性别多元是人类社会的原生态,除了男女两性外,还有诸多间性的存在。在男女二元分割的性别文化体制下,这些在生理性别的具体构成上不协调的雌雄难辨的间性人被病理化、污名化,遭到性别矫正手术的强制性"修正",枉受身心的双重苦痛。间性人的困惑及呼喊令当代女性主义者进一步反思性别二元化建构的合理性,进而倡导对女性及其他所有性别个体的性别认同、性别表达、性关系及其行为方面的尊重,强调性少数群体的平等权益,尤其是对作为性少数人群之一的间性人的身体自主权和性别自决权的法律保护。

Gender diversity has a history as long as the human society itself. Beside the familiar categories of female and male, there are many other ＂in-between＂ sexes, which cannot be labeled in uniform with the gender binary. Under the dominant gender binary, people born with a sexually ＂in-between＂ body or ambiguous genitalia are stigmatized, forced into corrective surgeries and thus, live in great mental and physical pain. These intersex people then call for a critical examina- tion of the gender binary that caused their suffering, and their effort of advocating for personal freedom of gender identity, gender expression, intimate relationship and sexual conduct is joined by the contemporary feminists. Together they highlight equal rights for sexual minority people, and for intersex people in particalar, and they underline that the sovereignty of body and self-determination of gender should be protected by legislation.