马克思的社会结构思想及其当代价值

On Karl Marx’s Theory of Social Structure in Contemporary View

经济基础、上层建筑和意识形态及其相互关系不能完全概括马克思关于社会结构的思想。研读马克思的著作可以发现,他划分了社会资源构成及其配置、社会分层结构、社会的政治结构和社会的文化观念结构四个方面,也区分了社会存在的基础性领域、主导性领域和附属性领域。马克思正是抓住了社会存在的主导性领域而揭示了社会存在的基本矛盾和社会发展的根本动力。

Marx＇ s theory of social structure can not be completely summarized as interrelationships of economic foundation, super-structure and ideologies. By studying the writings of Marx, we will find that, Marx considers society an organic with four inter-relevant elements ： the composition of social resources, structure of social stratification, structure of political structure and the composition of cultural construction, and divides society further into three realms ： the fundamental, the dominant and the auxiliary realms. Exactly seizing the contradiction of the basic fields and dominant fields of social existence, Marx reveals the power of social development.