产后抑郁症的发生率及其相关发病因素的研究

Study on the incidence of postpartum depression and its associated risk factors

目的探讨产后抑郁症的发生率及其相关的发病因素。方法采用我院自制的调查问卷对245例分娩后第30d的产妇进行产后抑郁调查。结果245例产妇中，EPDS总分≥13分的产妇52例，产后抑郁症的发生率为21．22％；孕期及分娩期夫妻关系一般、围产期医务人员态度一般、想生男孩的传统观念强烈、产后泌乳情况较差、分娩知识了解较差的产妇，发生产后抑郁症的比例明显高于以上几项内容良好并无强烈想生男孩的传统观念的产妇（P〈0．05）;顺产的产妇发生产后抑郁症的比例略低于难产的产妇，但差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论产妇发生产后抑郁症的比例主要受与产妇相关的社会因素影响；只要对产后抑郁症给予足够的重视，尽早发现对产妇具有不良影响的因素，及时治疗与预防，就能有明显的临床效果。

Objective To investigate the incidence of postpartum depression and its associated risk factors.Methods Hospital-made questionnaire survey was used to investigate the maternal postpartum depression status of 245 cases 30 days after delivery. Results Among all 245 cases of maternity, there were 52 cases with the EPDS score t〉 13 points, 21.22% of the incidence of postpartum depression; for those matenaity patients who had poor husband-wife relation- ship during pregnancy and childbirth period, the poor attitude of the medical staff of the perinatal period, strong traditional concept of wanting a boy; poorer postpartum lactation and poor maternity knowledge, the incidence of postpartum depression was significantly higher than that of those maternity patients who had no above several elements and the strong traditional concept of liking a boy（P〈0.05）; the depression ratio of normal production maternal postpartum was slightly lower than that of dystocia maternal, but the difference was not statistically significant （P〉0.05）.Conclusion The rate of maternal post- partum depression is mainly affected by the social factors associated to maternity patients, in order to reduce the incidence of postpartum depression, enough attention should be paid to the early detection of adverse factors and timely treatment and prevention should be carried out to get the obvious clinic effects.