喀斯特地区城镇绿地景观格局空间梯度分析

Landscape pattern and gradient analysis of urban green space in central town of the Meitan county

采用2010年5月航拍遥感影像和贵州湄潭县城市总体规划及绿地系统规划相关资料,利用移动窗口法,在8个方向上从城市中心向边缘取样,定量分析了湄潭县城市绿地景观空间梯度特征。结果表明:(1)类型水平上,8个方向的农业用地和山体绿地景观比例较高,是湄潭县城绿地景观的优势类型,其他各类城市绿地景观比例偏小,县城建成区绿地建设滞后。居住区绿地、单位附属绿地和道路绿地在老城区、工业区破碎化程度高,斑块形状较为复杂;公园绿地面积不足,分布不均。(2)景观水平上,不同景观指数沿8个方向样带呈现明显的梯度特征,表明城市化导致景观的破碎化程度增大,景观异质性增高。

The urban green landscape space gradient features of the central town of the Meitan county were quantitatively analyzed with the materials of aerial remote sensing images taken in May 2010 and the master planning and green space system planning of Meitan country.The ＂moving window＂ technique was adopted in our research,and we utilized the radiometric sampling method from the center to the fringe in eight directions.The results showed that： the ratios of the agricultural land and hill green landscape were higher in all eight directions,while the ratios of other types were less.The green space construction in built-up areas were lagged behind.The fragmentation degrees of residential green space,attached green space and green space attached to urban road and square were very high in old urban district and industrial area.The patch shapes were complicated,and the area of public park was not enough.Different landscape indices showed evident gradient variation in eight directions.The results indicated that the urbanization would lead to the increasing degrees of the landscape fragmentation and heterogeneity.To improve the urban living environment,it is important that focus more on the construction of urban green space under quickly urbanization,scientifically use green mountains and arrange the layout of various types of green space rationalize.